I-Mab, a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company committed to the discovery, development, and commercialization of novel biologics, announced positive interim data from its U.S. phase 2/3 study (NCT04341116) of plonmarlimab (also known as TJM2 or TJ003234) for the treatment of cytokine release syndrome (CRS) in patients with severe COVID-19. Plonmarlimab was discovered and developed by I-Mab to target human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), a cytokine that plays a critical role in acute and chronic inflammation.
COVID-19 virus (SARS-CoV-2), particularly the Delta variant, is known to cause a pathologic surge of circulating inflammatory cytokines termed cytokine release syndrome (CRS) or cytokine storm, which is responsible for complications and higher mortality associated with the disease. Plonmarlimab plays a critical therapeutic role in CRS through the inhibition of GM-CSF that acts at the upstream of the pathologic inflammatory cascade and is expected to be more efficacious in preventing and treating CRS.
“We are very excited about the data and plonmarlimab could be a very promising treatment for hospitalized patients with COVID-19,” said Deepa Gotur, MD, associate professor of clinical medicine at Houston Methodist.
The ongoing U.S. phase 2/3 study is one of the first double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized studies to evaluate the therapeutic role of GM-CSF antibody in severe COVID-19 patients. The study aimed to determine the safety, efficacy and effects on cytokine levels following a single dose of 6 mg/kg of plonmarlimab or placebo in patients with severe COVID-19.
The current interim analysis showed positive preliminary results in patients who were mechanical ventilation free (MVF) at baseline (N=91). Plonmarlimab treatment resulted in a higher MVF rate (83.6% vs 76.7%) by day 30, lower mortality rate (4.9% vs 13.3%) by day 30, higher recovery rates (68.9% vs 56.7% at day 14 and 80.3% vs 70.0% at day 30), as well as reduced time to recovery and hospitalization duration, as compared to placebo. The magnitudes of the clinical improvements are comparable to those observed with lenzilumab in a similar patient population.[1] Biomarker results were consistent with the observed clinical outcome and indicated patients treated with plonmarlimab had a reduction in plasma levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines critically involved in CRS, including TARC, IP10, GCSF, IL10, IL6, MCP1, IL1RA, TNF-alpha but not interferon-gamma. A transient increase in Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) that is commonly associated with disease exacerbation was only observed in placebo. Plonmarlimab was well tolerated in all patients with no significant safety concerns.
“Plonmarlimab has shown very promising results from the interim data analysis in our phase 2/3 trial, and we intend to continue advancing the study in the U.S. at this critical juncture of the COVID-19 pandemic and continue exploring other clinical opportunities associated with CRS,” said Dr. Joan Shen, CEO of I-Mab.
About Plonmarlimab
Plonmarlimab (or TJM2) is an internally discovered neutralizing antibody against human GM-CSF, an important cytokine that plays a critical role in chronic inflammation and destruction in autoimmune diseases such as RA GM-CSF can polarize macrophages into the pro-inflammatory M1 phenotype and is known to induce an inflammatory cascade involving other pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumor-necrosis factor (TNF), interleukin-1 (IL-1), IL-6, IL-12, and IL-23. It is evident that GM-CSF plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis and disease progression of multiple autoimmune conditions.
Plonmarlimab specifically binds to human GM-CSF with high affinity and can block GM-CSF from binding to its receptor, thereby preventing downstream signalling and target cell activation. As a result, it can effectively inhibit inflammatory responses mediated by macrophages, neutrophils, and dendritic cells, leading to reduced tissue inflammation and damage.
About I-Mab
I-Mab is a dynamic, global biotech company exclusively focused on discovery, development, and soon commercialization of novel or highly differentiated biologics in the therapeutic areas of immuno-oncology and autoimmune diseases. The Company’s mission is to bring transformational medicines to patients around the world through innovation. I-Mab’s innovative pipeline of more than 10 clinical and pre-clinical stage drug candidates is driven by the Company’s Fast-to-PoC (Proof-of-Concept) and Fast-to-Market development strategies through internal R&D and global partnerships. The Company is on track to transition from a clinical-stage biotech company toward a fully integrated global biopharmaceutical company with cutting-edge R&D capabilities, world-class GMP manufacturing facilities, and commercial capability. I-Mab has offices in Beijing, Shanghai, Hangzhou, Hong Kong, and Maryland, United States. For more information, please visit http://ir.i-mabbiopharma.com and follow I-Mab on LinkedIn, Twitter, and WeChat.
